How to call my contract's function using sendTransaction

Question

This may be a very basic question, I don't know why but I am unable to find correct solution to how can I call my contract's method using sendTransaction. I have a transfer(address, uint256) function which I want to call using sendTransaction and callTransaction. I have my contract compiled and I have it's abi and address. Now, how can I call different metrhods of the contract using sendTransaction?
I was reading the question Syntax for calling contract state changing methods, and I got explanations for function having single parameter but what if it has more than a parameter of different types, like here transfer() function accepts 2 parameters.

Answer 1

Posting solution to my own question for anyone who needs it. To call a contract function from geth:

const contractAbi = eth.contract(AbiOfContract);
const myContract = contractAbi.at(contractAddress);
// suppose you want to call a function named myFunction of myContract
const getData = myContract.myFunction.getData(function_parameters);
// finally pass this data parameter to send Transaction
web3.eth.sendTransaction({ to:Contractaddress, from:Accountaddress, data: getData });

Note: You can add other fields in sendTransaction like value etcetera, I have skipped that for simplicity to new use users.

---

To all the users who face challanges with signing data using private key. The pseudo code for signing and sending a transaction to contract using private key:

const Tx = require('ethereumjs-tx')
const web3 = new Web3()
web3.setProvider(new web3.providers.HttpProvider(web3RpcAddr))
const yourContract = new web3.eth.Contract(yourContract.abi, yourContract.address)

function sendCoin(toAddress, amount) {
  const nonce = await web3.eth.getTransactionCount(fromAddress, 'pending')
  const extraData = await yourContract.methods.transfer(toAddress, amount)
  const data = extraData.encodeABI()
  const txObj = {
    from: adminAddress,
    to: yourContractAddress,
    data,
    value: '0',
    gas: gasSent, // calculation of gas and gas Price is skipped here
    gasPrice: gasPriceSent,
    privKey: adminPvtKey,
    nonce
  }

  let signedTx = await signTx(txObj)
  signedTx = "0x" + signedTx.serialize().toString('hex')
  await submitSignedTx(signedTx)
}

async function signTx(payload) {
  let { from, to, data, value, gas, gasPrice, privKey, nonce } = payload
  let txParams = {
    to,
    data,
    value: web3.utils.toHex(value),
    gasPrice: web3.utils.toHex(gasPrice),
    gas: web3.utils.toHex(gas),
    nonce: web3.utils.toHex(nonce)
  }
  const tx = new Tx(txParams)
  privKey = await _validatePrivKey(privKey)
  privKey = new Buffer(privKey, 'hex')
  tx.sign(privKey)
  privKey = null
  return tx
}

async function submitSignedTx(serializedTx) {
  return new Promise((fullfill, reject) => {
    web3.eth.sendSignedTransaction(serializedTx)
      .on('transactionHash', txHash => {
        l.info('transaction sent. hash =>', txHash)
        return fullfill({success: true, txHash : txHash})
      })
      .on('error', e => {
        // console.log('unable to send tx', e)
        l.error(logmsg, e.message)
        return fullfill({success: false, message: e})
      })
  })
}

Answer 2

Have you tried:

// In Javascript
myContract.transfer(otherAddress, aNumber, { from: myAccount });
// Or
myContract.transfer.sendTransaction(otherAddress, aNumber, { from: myAccount });
// Or
myContract.transfer.call(otherAddress, aNumber, { from: myAccount });

See the whole documentation.

Answer 3

Improving @Prashant Prabhakar Singh answer:

var contractAbi = eth.contract(AbiOfContract);
var myContract = contractAbi.at(contractAddress);
// suppose you want to call a function named myFunction of myContract
var getData = myContract.myFunction.getData("1","boy");//just parameters you pass to myFunction
// And that is where all the magic happens
web3.eth.sendTransaction({
    to:ContractAddress,//contracts address
    from:web3.eth.accounts[0],
    data: getData,
    value: web3.toWei(EtherAmount, 'ether')//EtherAmount=>how much ether you want to move
},function (error, result){ 
            if(!error){
                console.log(result);//transaction successful
            } else{
                console.log(error);//transaction failed
            }
    });

Answer 4

var abi=[//your abi array];
var contractAddress = "//your contract address";
var contract = web3.eth.contract(abi).at(contractAddress);

contract.functionName.sendTransaction(parameter_1,parameter_2,parameter_n,{
            from:web3.eth.accounts[0],
            gas:4000000},function (error, result){ //get callback from function which is your transaction key
                if(!error){
                    console.log(result);
                } else{
                    console.log(error);
                }
        });

you can then try to get transaction receipt by using

var receipt=web3.eth.getTransactionReceipt(trHash);

-if you get receipt as null that means your transaction is not mined, you can keep trying after some time until you get receipt values. -You can check in the receipt that all the provided gas is used or not, all gas used indicated your transaction is failed

Answer 5

With Etherjs utilities data can be created as follows which can be directly sent to sendTransaction function.

//ethereum provider instance creation
let ethereum = window.ethereum;
// Request account access if needed
await ethereum.enable();
let provider = new ethers.providers.Web3Provider(ethereum);


 //Get method id (transfer function method id)
 const METHOD_ID = "0x05555555"; //replace with actual transfer function method id

 //creating encoded data
 let encodedData = ethers.utils.hexConcat([
      METHOD_ID,
      ethers.utils.defaultAbiCoder.encode(
        ["address", "uint256"],
        [receiverAddress, amount] //replace with receiver and amount to be transferred
      ),
    ]);

//Create raw transaction param
 const param = {
          from: sender, //replace with sender wallet address
          to: ERC20_CONTRACT_ADDRESS, //replace with your contract address
          data: encodedData
 };

 //Send Transaction using etherjs
 const transactionHash = await provider.send('eth_sendTransaction', params)