Hi developer advocate from Chainstack here.
That depends on the client and the mode of the node(light node/full node/archive node).
To run a full node using Polygon's own bor client takes minimum:
RAM: 16-32 GB
CPU: 8-16 core CPU (For AWS: t3.2xlarge)
Storage: 2.5TB to 5TB SSD (make sure it is extendable)
[Source]
For an archive node:
RAM: 64 GB
CPU: 16-core CPU
Storage: 10+ TB
Erigon is another popular EVM client, it usually takes fewer resources for archive mode. You can find its system requirement here.
Usually running a node by oneself is quite costly. Syncing a full node will take multiple days, and you need to spend a lot of effort to maintain it. I strongly encourage you to try RPC providers like us instead of setting it up on your own.
It is just much cheaper and hassle-free.