Deploy contract on live testnet using private key + truffle

Question

I want to deploy my contract on live testnet ( rinkeby) using private key instead of mnemonic of my account and truffle. I have some configurations in truffle.js but I am getting error on migrate :

require('dotenv').config();
const Web3 = require("web3");
const web3 = new Web3();
const WalletProvider = require("truffle-wallet-provider");
const Wallet = require('ethereumjs-wallet');

var rinkebyPrivateKey = new Buffer(process.env["RINKEBY_PRIVATE_KEY"], "hex");
var rinkebyWallet = Wallet.fromPrivateKey(rinkebyPrivateKey);
var rinkebyProvider = new WalletProvider(rinkebyWallet, "https://rinkeby.infura.io/dLqHiBy4LivAhq6bHTiS");


module.exports = {
  networks: {
    development: {
      host: "localhost",
      port: 8545,
      network_id: "*" // Match any network id
    },
    rinkeby: {
      provider: rinkebyProvider,
      network_id: 4
    },
  },
  solc: {
    optimizer: {
      enabled: true,
      runs: 200
    }
  }
};

I am getting follow error :

/home/rails/Desktop/DeveloperCrowdsale/node_modules/web3/lib/web3/errors.js:35
        return new Error(message);
               ^
Error: Invalid JSON RPC response: ""
    at Object.InvalidResponse (/home/rails/Desktop/DeveloperCrowdsale/node_modules/web3/lib/web3/errors.js:35:16)
    at XMLHttpRequest.request.onreadystatechange (/home/rails/Desktop/DeveloperCrowdsale/node_modules/web3/lib/web3/httpprovider.js:115:32)
    at XMLHttpRequestEventTarget.dispatchEvent (/home/rails/Desktop/DeveloperCrowdsale/node_modules/xhr2/lib/xhr2.js:64:18)
    at XMLHttpRequest._setReadyState (/home/rails/Desktop/DeveloperCrowdsale/node_modules/xhr2/lib/xhr2.js:354:12)
    at XMLHttpRequest._onHttpRequestError (/home/rails/Desktop/DeveloperCrowdsale/node_modules/xhr2/lib/xhr2.js:544:12)
    at ClientRequest.<anonymous> (/home/rails/Desktop/DeveloperCrowdsale/node_modules/xhr2/lib/xhr2.js:414:24)
    at emitOne (events.js:116:13)
    at ClientRequest.emit (events.js:211:7)
    at TLSSocket.socketErrorListener (_http_client.js:387:9)
    at emitOne (events.js:116:13)
    at TLSSocket.emit (events.js:211:7)
    at emitErrorNT (internal/streams/destroy.js:64:8)
    at _combinedTickCallback (internal/process/next_tick.js:138:11)
    at process._tickCallback (internal/process/next_tick.js:180:9)

Is there any another way to deploy your contract using private key of your account ? or any update needed in my truffle.js file .

Answer 1

You can take a look at the script with which I deploy contracts to Rinkeby. Usually I use mnemonic, but I modified it to take private key instead, tested it and it works.

You will need to install "truffle-privatekey-provider" with npm for it to work.

const Web3 = require('web3');
//Factory.json file contains my compiled Factory.sol file
const compiledFactory = require('./build/Factory.json');
const PrivateKeyProvider = require("truffle-privatekey-provider");

const privateKey = "acb2f16e4******";

const provider =  new PrivateKeyProvider(privateKey, 'https://rinkeby.infura.io/******');

const web3 = new Web3(provider);

const deploy = async () => {
    const accounts = await web3.eth.getAccounts();

    console.log('Attempting to deploy from account: ', accounts[0]);

    const result = await new web3.eth.Contract(JSON.parse(compiledFactory.interface))
    .deploy({ data: compiledFactory.bytecode })
    .send({ gas: '1000000', from: accounts[0]});

    //This will display the address to which your contract was deployed
    console.log('Contract deployed to: ', result.options.address);
};
deploy();

Answer 2

I have a somehwat simpler structure (depending on your taste):

Prerequisite:

npm install truffle-privatekey-provider

or

npm install truffle-hdwallet-provider-privkey

then

const yargs = require('yargs');
var provider, address;
//const HDWalletProvider = require("truffle-hdwallet-provider-privkey");
const privKeyrinkeby = "xxx"
const PrivateKeyProvider = require("truffle-privatekey-provider");

module.exports = {
  networks: {
    development: {
      host: "localhost",
      port: 8545,
      gas: 6712388,
      // gasPrice: 2000000000, // 1 gwei
      network_id: "*"
    },
    rinkeby: {
      //provider: () => new HDWalletProvider(privKeyrinkeby, "https://rinkeby.infura.io/" + process.env.INFURA_API_KEY),
      provider: () => new PrivateKeyProvider(privKeyrinkeby, "https://rinkeby.infura.io/" + process.env.INFURA_API_KEY),
      gasPrice: 50000000000, // 50 gwei,
      network_id: 3,
    },
    mainnet: {
      // gas: 5000000,
      host: "localhost",
      gasPrice: 1000000000, // 1 gwei
      port: 8545,
      // provider:provider,
      // from: "0x4b3A4F3F42BA61141A4F7101F77dC141AE15c59A",
      from: "0x4b3a4f3f42ba61141a4f7101f77dc141ae15c59a",
      network_id: 1
    }
  },
  mocha: {
    reporter: 'eth-gas-reporter',
    reporterOptions : {
      currency: 'USD',
      gasPrice: 1
    }
  }
};

Answer 3

I think it is better for you to use the official HDWalletProvider instead of the PrivateKeyProvider.

For that, you need to include it: const HDWalletProvider = require('@truffle/hdwallet-provider');

And in the networks, configure it like this:

goerli: {
      provider: new HDWalletProvider({
        privateKeys: [process.env.SECRET],
        providerOrUrl: process.env.INFURA_URL
      }),
      network_id: "5"
    },