Specific to Geth the database used is LevelDB. But what is the database used for parity?
2 Answers
I'm one of parity devs. We use Rocksdb. It's a key-value database developed by Facebook. We chose it mostly because of it's performance. In our benchmarks it was faster than LevelDB
From their webpage:
RocksDB is optimized for fast, low latency storage such as flash drives and high-speed disk drives. RocksDB exploits the full potential of high read/write rates offered by flash or RAM.
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1@errata They are working on new ParityDB, which should replace it, so you can guess ;) github.com/paritytech/parity-db– TharokCommented Jan 3, 2022 at 20:28
The answer here is slightly out of date. Parity has migrated to use blooms db which is an implementation of a Bloom Filter to reduce overall disk reads.
The blooms are a db layer before the kvdb RocksDB.