Questions tagged [rollups]
The rollups tag has no usage guidance.
61
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Who pays for the L1 gas costs of ZK-rollups?
I have deployed the same smart contract on both the Goerli Testnet and the Polygon zkEVM Testnet. When I execute the same interaction, it costs the same amount of gas on both networks (as expected), ...
- 11
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10
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What does it mean by "rollups sends transactions on mainnet"?
While trying to understand what rollups are, I read rollups sends transactions to mainnet in a batch. I don't understand why and practically what does it do.
To better understand it, I came up with a ...
- 176
2
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12
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Difference between zk-rollups and nocust-zkp
What is the fundamental difference between ZK-Rollup and Nocust-ZKP? Does the data availability problem still persist in Nocust-ZKP? After going through zk-sync, I felt it might be fundamentally ...
- 121
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11
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what data of zk rollup blockchain are sent to l1?
I am not clear about how data flow from l2 to l1 in zk rollups. does someone knows what data of l2 are sended to l1?
- 531
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9
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smart contract rollup vs sovereign rollups?
I read here about smart contract and sovereign rollups: https://celestia.org/learn/sovereign-rollups/an-introduction/.
I am curious to know what are the pros, cons and differences between both types ...
- 531
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3
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which L1 blockchains are truly modular blockchains?
I want to know which blockchains are modular blockchains.
I know about cosmos and Celestia, and I guess they are L1 modular blockchains, also I know that rollups are L2/Ln modular blockchains.
But ...
- 531
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15
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how to use snarkjs for NEAR protocol. how to make ZK prover/verify function in NEAR protocol with typescript?
i wanna make ZK-rollup whose L1 layer will be NEAR protocol.
what's the way to make Verifier function in Typescript of NEAR protocol ?
This function is not working:-
import { NearBindgen, view } from &...
- 531
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1
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12
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calldata usage, difference between the method calling function with calldata
I recently studied optimism, and found that appendSequencerBatch() of CanonicalTransactionChain contract called with calldata. I assumed that this function was called using
0x(functionSelector)+(data.....
- 25
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21
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What is "Data availability problem" in Plasma?
What differentiates Rollup from Plasma is that it solves Plasma’s huge
problem — data availability
Can someone please describe the "data availability" problem in Plasma?
Ok, in Plasma the ...
- 95
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11
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Has the state channel died?
State channels and rollups are both layer-2 scaling solutions for blockchain networks, with state channels being around for longer. State channels allow users to conduct off-chain transactions while ...
- 103
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16
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Rollups vs Plasma
This question is related to my another question - Plasma - "If owner does not care about their asset, then an "invalid" outcome may result"?
Here https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/01/...
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Plasma - "If owner does not care about their asset, then an "invalid" outcome may result"?
From Vitalik's article "An Incomplete Guide to Rollups" (https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/01/05/rollup.html):
Additionally, Plasma and channels share a key weakness in common: the
game ...
- 95
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30
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circom error in zk-rollup circuit: circom error: circuit too big for this power of tau ceremony. 6600*2 > 2**12
while making zk rollup circuit of merkle, i got this error.
code for .circom:
pragma circom 2.0.3;
include "modules/mimicsponge.circom";
// ref: https://github.com/4undRaiser/...
- 531
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1
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26
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bn.inherits is not a function in snarkjs
i am going through this https://github.com/iden3/snarkjs to make zk-rollup via .circom and snarkJS, when i tried to run index.html code it didn't work as per it should. and give error bn.inherits is ...
- 531
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11
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how polygon zk hermez send data from l2 rollup chain to circom circuits?
I'm trying to make rollup, wanna know how rollup works, and specially about one of the good rollup chain polygon hermez.
- 531
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68
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what is the best way to compress/decompress data within a solidity smart contract?
I'm working on a l2 optimistic rollup academic project (thesis), where the sequencer would submit the compressed txs as calldata. At a dispute (aka a different post-state), a verifier would challenge ...
- 11
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10
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create block hash from transactions in solidity and use for rollup chains
in a function of solidity, we pass all transactions, and block hash of a block of layer 2 blockchain aka rollup chain.
now, i want to verify transactions via mercle tree to get block hash, and match ...
- 531
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9
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use of operator contract in ZK rollups
i understood why 2 smart contracts are deployed in mainnet, but don't understood why an operator contract is deployed in layer 2 chain in ZK rollups.
what does this smart contract do exactly ?
- 531
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25
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works of sequencer in rollups blockchain aka layer 2. does sequencer and relayer are same ? how to make decetralised sequencer?
I guess, the work of sequencer of L2 rollup chain is to minify transactions and sends them to L1.
What are the other works of sequencer and how does it exactly works
where is it hosted.
I gues ...
- 531
2
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1
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28
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Why optimistic rollup chains can take a week, while ZK don't?
Optimistic and ZK rollups, both submit data to Ethereum or similar chain, but why do optimistic rollups take longer time then zk rollups? What's the core difference that causes this time difference?
- 531
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19
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In rollups, does only layer 1<->2 cross chain transfer data is submitted to main chains, or all transactions data of rollup chain?
rollup chains batch the transactions data of its blocks/transactions, and submit it to mainnet(layer 2 e.g. ethereum ).
But i doubt if rollup chain submit all data of all transactions in batch form, ...
- 531
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16
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Why do optimistic rollups take 1 week to transfer data between blockchains?
There are 2 types of layer 2 rollups basically: optimistic rollups and zk-rollups.
Why do optimistic rollups take 1 week, and zk-rollups take a few minutes. I don't understood that part.
- 531
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36
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how to make rollup sequencer decentralized?
I know the logic to make a centralised sequencer for a blockchain rollup ( layer 2 solution ) , but i have no idea on how to make the sequencer decetralised. so that no one central authority will get ...
- 531
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8
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what is anchored blockchain. e.g Plasma chain is anchored to the main Ethereum chain
ref:
https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/scaling/#plasma
https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/scaling/plasma/
I know rollups, sidechains, and basically how layer 2 works. but I don't understand ...
- 531
3
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2
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181
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How layer 2 blockchain communicate with layer 1 blockchain? where does that communication part is hosted?
I understood what is layer 2 via various blogs, videos and this page: https://ethereum.org/en/layer-2/
But I wanna know: how the layer 2 blockchains communicate with layer 1 blockchains?
I guess a ...
- 531
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21
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Storing ZK-rollups in a sidechain
I realized that there is a middle between Validium (don't store L2-transactions onchain) and ZK-rollups (store L2-transactions onchain): it's Validium that stores L2-transactions in another blockchain ...
- 1,704
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12
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What is the best L2 solutions for zero value data addition transactions?
I am looking for a rollup (or any other L2) solution that supports simple data addition transactions for a Ethereum Smart Contract. The smart contract just maintains a table and we have addRow and a ...
- 53
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29
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Arbitrum: Mapping L2 blocks to L1 batches using RPCs
I'm looking for a way to programmatically map L2 blocks to their corresponding rollup batches in L1 using RPCs.
Is there a way to do this, and if so, what would be the best approach? Any help or ...
- 11
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2
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89
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How do layer-2 bridges and protocols earn revenue?
Everytime I've used a bridge like Polygon and Aztec, all they charge are gas fee transactions to make the transfers and lock-up conversions between layer 1 and layer 2. Bridges therefore are nothing ...
- 1,406
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24
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How can privacy roll-ups like Aztec make my transfer cheaper?
Aztec or zk.money, a Layer-2 roll-up, claims to make transactions not only private but also cheaper.
If I send 1 eth on L1 mainnet, all I pay is one gas txn to send it.
If I instead use Aztec's ...
- 1,406
2
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88
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Will Layer-2s and zk roll-ups become redundant once Eth 2.0 sharding and scaling arrives?
Millions of VC funding dollars are going into Layer-2 solutions like Optimism, Arbitrum and Polygon to allow users to side-step mainnet Layer-1 and process transactions at a thousandth of the cost and ...
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196
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Why does Chainlink VRFv2 not support L2 rollup chain like arbitrum or optimism?
All the popular L2 rollup chains are not listed in the supported networks per doc: https://docs.chain.link/vrf/v2/direct-funding/supported-networks/.
Meanwhile, Aribitrum and Optimism do have ...
- 11
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233
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How verify transaction data in zkrollups?
The stateroot transition is verified by witness (pre- and post- state root) and proof, but validators also should verify the transaction data which is proposed by operators.
How can verify the ...
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15
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Is there a way to identify in real time if the Optimism bridge is working effectively or not?
If so, what all on-chain data/events would be the most important to listen to?
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What is use of Writing contracts on Rollup chain
I am deploying smart contract on Optimism , the smart contract doesn't deal with NFTs or Token , is it really worth to write contract on roll-up chain apart from the cost and transaction time.
- 1
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35
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Can we modify the state root of contract directly from solidity?
I was learning how optimistic rollup works. Referencing this blog I understand working of optimistic rollup works as:
Represent smart contract states as Merkle tree
Run all transactions only on the ...
- 275
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25
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Where should I start building optimistic rollup?
I am trying to learn how optimistic rollup works by building one simple sequencer and fraudproof contract for eg: that allows transfer of erc20 only but stuck where should I start. I tried reading the ...
- 275
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2
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388
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Can I roll multiple transactions into one?
I wonder whether it is possible to roll multiple transactions into one transaction and post it on the chain, similar behavior to L2 chains.
I will have a smart contract where there might be a high ...
- 131
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4
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Can we move data between sidechain and layer 1 ? How? [duplicate]
In ZK Rollups and the optimistic rollups the transaction done in them will reflect on Layer 1 at later stage ( Correct me If I'm wrong ). So In case of side chains will the transaction done will ...
4
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42
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Is there ever going to be some kind of parallelism in Ethereum or any L2?
Suppose I have a long array of values:
x = [1, 2, 3, ..., N] # shape [N, ] array
and a function
def f(x):
return x ** 2
then I'd do something like (similar to python's multiprocessing)
with ...
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2
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198
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Finality of Optimistic Rollups
In the documentation for optimism (which is transparent about being somewhat incomplete at this experimental stage in their development), it is stated that
"It's important to note that a ...
- 55
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27
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Does StarkWare SHARP see a Cairo user’s private input?
From the SHARP documentation, it seems a Cairo user's input (in input.json), including private input, is sent to SHARP to generate the proof. Does this mean user's input cannot be private?
cairo-sharp ...
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How to generate a proof for a Cairo program and verify it?
In SNARKs, you can use Zokrates or snarkjs to generate a proof for a program/computation and verify it, locally or on Ethereum.
Similar to this unanswered question, how to do the same in Cairo and ...
- 367
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22
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Understanding data availability for zk rollups
My understanding is that if a zkrollup operator suddenly ceases operation, you have to sync the rollup’s history from genesis to get the current state. In other words, if the transaction data has been ...
- 11
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121
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How works fault-proof in Optimistic rollups L2
I want to understand how works fault-proof concept in Optimistic rollups L2.
I have made tests on Optimism and Arbitrium's testnets.
It works fine but i want to know how i can revoke a transaction ...
- 1,353
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60
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Does a Rollup transaction need the parameter 'nonce'?
Recently I am learning Rollups, and one thing makes me confused is that, Does the compressed transaction in a batch need the parameter nonce?
Here in on-chain-scaling-to-potentially-500-tx-sec-through-...
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What is the role of a circuit in zero knowledge rollups
I am a student currently pursuing my bachelors degree in technology, for my final year project. I am trying to create a zk-rollup poc for nfts, I have came across different implementation of rollup ...
- 21
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25
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Cant decode specific transaction input from rollups appendSequencerBatch method
I can easly decode some standard methods and their inputs to get method name and all the parametars but this one specific I cant and all I get is
{ method: 'appendSequencerBatch', types: [], inputs: []...
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How will transactions be assigned to a shards in Ethereum PoS?
I understand that the plan is to have shards with Ethereum PoS. I am trying to have a mental picture of how that will work. Basically when a wallet signs a transaction, what determines which shard of ...
- 408
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156
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What data does Layer 2 Rollups commit to Layer 1?
Trying to understand what happens with rollups and other scaling solutions. What is confusing to me is that when reading about rollups I see that what gets updated is the Merkle root of the state of ...
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