I am reading the white paper and confused by two sentences bellow:
In the Section of Mining Centralization:
... miners are required to fetch random data from the state, compute some randomly selected transactions from the last N blocks in the blockchain, ... This has two important benefits. ... Second, mining requires access to the entire blockchain, forcing miners to store the entire blockchain and at least be capable of verifying every transaction. This removes the need for centralized mining pools;
However, in the Section of Scalability:
Ethereum is likely to suffer a similar growth pattern, ..., but ameliorated by the fact that Ethereum full nodes need to store just the state instead of the entire blockchain history.
So, my questions are:
- Who needs to store entire blockchain history? And Who only needs the state?
- What is this so called state?
- Is by saying a miner implying that it is a full node? If so, why it is saying "mining requires access to the entire blockchain" but "full nodes need to store just the state instead of the entire blockchain history"?